How ransomware spreads
The most common entry vectors are phishing emails, weak RDP connections, vulnerabilities in outdated software, and stolen credentials. After breaching, attackers don't immediately start encrypting โ they spend days or weeks studying the network, finding important files, breaking backup systems, and only then launching mass encryption.
Modern groups use "double extortion": first copying files, then encrypting. If you refuse to pay, they not only hold files hostage but threaten to publish data. This is a serious threat for companies with customer data or trade secrets.
Backups โ the first and main defense
A good backup system is the most reliable recovery method after ransomware. But ordinary backups aren't enough โ they themselves must not get encrypted. Use the 3-2-1-1-0 rule: 3 copies, 2 different media, 1 offsite, 1 offline (disconnected from network), 0 errors (recovery tested). Offline copies are critical โ ransomware encrypts everything on the network but can't reach a physically disconnected drive or immutable cloud backup.
Immutable backup is the modern approach: backup files can't be modified or deleted for a set time, even by admins. AWS S3 Object Lock, Azure Blob immutable storage, and Wasabi offer this feature. This makes corrupting backups nearly impossible for ransomware.
Network segmentation
Segmentation limits ransomware spread. Instead of one large network, divide it into segments: workstations, servers, guest Wi-Fi, IoT โ each in a separate VLAN. Traffic between segments is restricted by firewall. If one segment is compromised, ransomware has a harder time moving to another.
The Zero Trust model is even stronger: no device or user is trusted by default, every request is verified. This is complex architecture, but necessary for large companies. Smaller organizations can suffice with simple segmentation and strong authentication.
EDR and monitoring
EDR (Endpoint Detection and Response) monitors suspicious behavior on computers in real time. While traditional antivirus uses signatures, EDR analyzes behavior: rapid mass encryption, registry changes, connections to remote servers. EDR can detect ransomware before encryption starts and halt the process.
Incident response plan
Actions during an attack must be planned in advance. The plan includes: immediately disconnecting infected systems from the network, notifying IT and management, contacting cybersecurity specialists, informing law enforcement, alerting customers, backup recovery procedures. Don't rush to pay โ that's a last resort.
Sayt.uz Practice
On Sayt.uz hosting, all client data is protected by daily automatic backups stored for 30 days. Premium plans include immutable backups and weekly offline copies. For developing a custom ransomware protection plan, contact our business solutions team. Our specialists assist with network segmentation, backup strategy, and incident response planning.